【Linux】mktempコマンドで一時ファイル・ディレクトリを安全に作成する

$ mktemp
/tmp/tmp.HkE3v2XsY9

$ TMPFILE=$(mktemp)
$ echo "TMPFILE: $TMPFILE"
TMPFILE: /tmp/tmp.HkE3v2XsY9

$ TMPDIR=$(mktemp -d)
$ echo "TMPDIR: $TMPDIR"
TMPDIR: /tmp/tmp.aBcDeFgHiJ
$ ls -la "$TMPDIR"
total 8
drwx------ 2 user user 4096 Jun 24 21:00 .
drwxrwxrwt 8 root root 4096 Jun 24 21:00 ..

$ mktemp /tmp/myapp.XXXXXX
/tmp/myapp.k7Lm2N

$ mktemp /tmp/myapp_XXXXXX.log
/tmp/myapp_k7Lm2N.log

$ mktemp -p /var/tmp
/var/tmp/tmp.Xz1aB2cDeF

$ mktemp -p /var/tmp myapp.XXXXXX
/var/tmp/myapp.Xz1aB2

$ mktemp -u
/tmp/tmp.Tpwo1Yjrl6
$ ls /tmp/tmp.Tpwo1Yjrl6
ls: cannot access '/tmp/tmp.Tpwo1Yjrl6': No such file or directory

$ mktemp -u /tmp/myapp.XXXXXX
/tmp/myapp.8Gh7QH

#!/bin/bash
set -euo pipefail

TMPFILE=$(mktemp)
trap 'rm -f "$TMPFILE"' EXIT

# TMPFILE を使った処理
some_command > "$TMPFILE"
process_results "$TMPFILE"

#!/bin/bash
set -euo pipefail

TMPDIR=$(mktemp -d)
trap 'rm -rf "$TMPDIR"' EXIT

# TMPDIR 内でファイルを操作
cp important_file.txt "$TMPDIR/"
process_dir "$TMPDIR"

#!/bin/bash
set -euo pipefail

TMPFILE1=$(mktemp)
TMPFILE2=$(mktemp)
trap 'rm -f "$TMPFILE1" "$TMPFILE2"' EXIT

command1 > "$TMPFILE1"
command2 > "$TMPFILE2"
diff "$TMPFILE1" "$TMPFILE2"

$ FILE1=$(mktemp)
$ FILE2=$(mktemp)
$ cat /etc/hosts | sort > "$FILE1"
$ cat /etc/hosts.bak | sort > "$FILE2"
$ diff "$FILE1" "$FILE2"
$ rm -f "$FILE1" "$FILE2"

#!/bin/bash
set -euo pipefail

TMPFILE=$(mktemp)
trap 'rm -f "$TMPFILE"' EXIT

curl -s https://api.example.com/data > "$TMPFILE"
jq '.items[]' "$TMPFILE"

#!/bin/bash
set -euo pipefail

TARGET="config.txt"
TMPFILE=$(mktemp)
trap 'rm -f "$TMPFILE"' EXIT

sed 's/old/new/g' "$TARGET" > "$TMPFILE"
mv "$TMPFILE" "$TARGET"

# Linux
$ mktemp /tmp/myapp.XXXXXX
/tmp/myapp.k7Lm2N

# macOS
$ mktemp -t myapp
/tmp/myapp.k7Lm2N

# macOS / Linux 共通
TMPFILE=$(mktemp)
TMPDIR_PATH=$(mktemp -d)